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Samoyed

Samoyed

FCI standard Nº 212
Origin
 Northern Russia and Siberia
Patronage : Nordic Kennel Union (NKU)
Group
 Group 5 Spitz and primitive types
Section
 Section 1 Nordic sledge dogs
Working
 Without working trial
Acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI
 Friday 26 June 1959
Publication of the official valid standard
 Wednesday 04 September 2019
Last update
 Monday 07 October 2019
En français, cette race se dit
 Samoyède
Diese Norm ist in deutscher Sprache sichtbar
 Samojede
En español, esta raza se dice
 Samoyedo
In het Nederlands, wordt dit ras gezegd
 Samojeed
In his country of origin, his name is

Samoiedskaïa Sabaka

Usage
Sledge- and companion dog.

Brief historical summary
The name Samoyed derives from the Samoyed Tribes in Northern Russia and Siberia. In Southern parts of the area they used white, black and brown particoloured dogs as reindeer herders ; in the northern parts the dogs were pure white, had a mild temperament and were used as huntingand sledge dogs. The Samoyed dogs lived close to their owners, they even slept within the shelters and were used as heaters. The British zoologist Ernest Kilburn Scott spent three months among Samoyed Tribes in 1889. Returning to England he brought with him a brown male puppy called « Sabarka ». Later he imported a cream coloured bitch called « Whitey Petchora » from the western side of the Urals and a snow white male called « Musti » from Siberia. These few dogs and those brought by the explorers are the base for the western Samoyed. The first standard was written in England in 1909.

General appearance
Medium in size, elegant, a white Arctic Spitz. In appearence gives the impression of power, endurance, charm, suppleness, dignity and self-confidence. The expression, the so called « Samoyed Smile », is made up of a combination of eye shape and position, and the slightly curved up corners of the mouth. The sex should be clearly stamped.

Important proportions
The length of the body is approximately 5% more than the height at the withers.
The depth of the body is slightly less than the half of the height at the withers.
The muzzle is approximately as long as the skull.

Behaviour / temperament
Friendly, open, alert and lively. The hunting instinct is very slight. Never shy nor aggressive. Very social and cannot be used as guard dog.

Head

Cranial region
Head
 Powerful and wedge-shaped.
Skull
 Viewed from the front and in profile only slightly convex. Broadest between the ears. Slightly visible furrow between the eyes. 
Stop
 Clearly defined but not too prominent.

Facial region
Nose
 Well developed, preferably black. During some periods of the year the pigment of the nose can fade to a so called « winter nose » ; there must however always be dark pigment at the edges of the nose.
Muzzle
 Strong and deep, approximately as long as the skull, gradually tapering towards the nose, neither snipey nor heavy and square. The bridge of the nose is straight.
Lips
 Close fitting, black and rather full. The corners of the mouth are slightly curved forming the characteristic « Samoyed Smile ».
Jaws and teeth
 Regular and complete scissor bite. The teeth and the jaws are strong. Normal dentition.
Eyes
 Dark brown in colour, well-set in the sockets, placed rather apart, somewhat slanting and almond-shaped. The expression is « smiling », kind, alert and intelligent. The eyerims are black.
Ears
 Erect, rather small, thick, triangular and slightly rounded at the tips. They should be mobile, set high ; due to the broad skull well apart.

Neck
Strong and of medium length with a proud carriage.

Body
Body
 Slightly longer than the height at the withers, deep and compact but supple.
Withers
 Clearly defined.
Back
 Of medium length, muscular and straight ; in females slightly longer than in males.
Loin
 Short, very strong and defined.
Croup
 Full, strong, muscular and slightly sloping.
Chest
 Broad, deep and long, reaching almost to the elbows. The ribs are well sprung.
Underline and belly
 Moderate tuck-up.

Tail
Set rather high. When the dog is alert and in motion the tail is carried bent from the root forward over the back or side, but may be hanging at rest, then reaching to the hocks.

Limbs

Forequarters
Generality
 Well placed and muscular with strong bones. Viewed from the front straight and parallel.
Shoulders
 Long, firm and sloping.
Upper arm
 Oblique and close to the body. Approximately as long as the shoulder.
Elbows
 Close to the body.
Carpal
 Strong but supple.
Pastern
 Slightly oblique.
Forefeet
 Oval with long toes, flexible and pointing straight forward. Toes arched and not too tightly knit. Elastics pads.

Hindquarters
Generality
 Viewed from behind straight and parallel with very strong muscles.
Upper thigh
 Of medium length, rather broad and muscular.
Stifle
 Well angulated.
Metatarsus
 Short, strong, vertical and parallel.
Hock
 Rather low and well angulated.
Hind feet
 As front feet. The dewclaws should be removed (except in countries where it is forbidden by law).

Gait and movement
Powerful, free and tireless in appearance with long stride. Good reach in the forequarters and good driving power in the hindquarters.

Coat
Hair
 Profuse, thick, flexible and dense polar coat. The Samoyed is a double coated dog with short, soft and dense undercoat and longer, more harsh and straight outer coat. The coat should form a ruff around the neck and shoulders framing the head, especially in males. On head and on front of legs, hair is short and smooth ; on outside of ears short, standing off and smooth. Inside the ears should be well furred. On back of the thighs the hair forms trousers. There should be a protective growth of hair between the toes. The tail should be profusely covered with hair. The coat of the female is often shorter and softer in texture than that of the male. The correct coat texture should always have a special glistening sheen.
Colour
 Pure white, cream or white with biscuit. (The basic colour to be white with a few biscuit markings.) Should never give the impression of being pale brown.

Size and weight
Height at withers
 Ideal height : male 57 cm with a tolerance of ± 3 cm and females 53 cm with a tolerance of ± 3 cm.

Faults
• Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog and its ability to perform its traditional work.
• Faults listed should be in degree of seriousness.

General faults
 Visible faults in structure.
 Light bone.
 Males not masculine and females not feminine.
 Pincer bite.
 Yellow eyes.
 Soft ears.
 Barrel ribcage.
 Double twisted tail.
 Low on the legs.
 Badly bow-legged or cow hocked.
 Wavy or short coated throughout, long, soft or coat hanging down.
 Aloofness.

Serious faults
 Clearly unpigmented areas on eyerims or lips.

Disqualifying faults
 Aggressive or overly shy dogs.
 Eyes blue or of different colours.
 Overshot or undershot bite.
 Ears not erect.
 Coat colour other than permitted in the standard.

NB :
• Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.
• The above mentioned faults when occurring to a highly marked degree or frequently are disqualifying.
• Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typical conformation should be used for breeding.

Bibliography
http://www.fci.be/
Details
Also available: Français (France) Deutsch (Deutschland) Español (España) Nederlands (nl-NL)
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